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14.05.2021Examples and practices described in this page don't take advantage of improvements introduced in later releases and might use technology no longer available. The Swing packages include a general purpose layout latches for boxes java named BoxLayout. You might think of it as a version of FlowLayoutbut with greater functionality. Here is a picture of an application that demonstrates using BoxLayout to display a centered column of components:.
Alternatively, to compile and run the example yourself, consult the example index. You can see the code in BoxLayoutDemo. In the top part of the GUI, a top-to-bottom box layout places a label above a scroll pane.
In the bottom part of the GUI, a left-to-right box layout places two buttons next to each other. A BorderLayout combines the two parts of the GUI and ensures that any excess space is given to the scroll latches for boxes java. You can find links for running ListDialog and for its source files in latches for boxes java example index for Using Swing Components.
The following code, taken from ListDialog. This code is in the latches for boxes java for the dialog, which is implemented as a JDialog subclass. The bold lines of code latches for boxes java up the box layouts and add components to them. The first bold line creates a top-to-bottom box layout and sets latches for boxes java up as the layout manager for listPane.
The two arguments to the BoxLayout constructor are the container that it manages and the axis along which the components will be laid out. These latches for boxes java allow for internationalization, by laying out components in their container with the correct left-to-right, right-to-left or top-to-bottom orientation for the language being used.
In this case, the rigid area has no width and puts exactly 5 pixels between the label and scroll pane. Rigid areas are discussed later, in Using Invisible Components as Filler. The next chunk of bold code creates a left-to-right box layout and sets it up for the buttonPane container.
Then the code adds two buttons to the container, using a rigid area to put 10 pixels between the buttons. To place the buttons at the right side of their container, the first component added to the container is glue. This glue is an invisible component that grows as necessary to absorb any extra space in its container.
Glue is discussed in Using Invisible Components as Filler. As an alternative to using invisible components, you can sometimes use empty borders to create space around components, most particularly panels. For example, the preceding code snippet uses empty borders to put 10 pixels between all sides of the dialog and its contents, and between the two parts latches for boxes java the contents. Borders are completely independent of latches for Antique Latches For Boxes Gmbh boxes java managers.
They are simply how Swing components draw their edges and provide padding between the content of the component and the edge. See How to Use Borders for more information. Do not let the length of the BoxLayout discussion scare you!
You can probably use BoxLayout with the information you already have. If you run into trouble or you want to take advantage of BoxLayout 's power, read on. As said before, BoxLayout arranges components either on top of each other or in a row. As the box layout arranges components, it takes the components' alignments and minimum, preferred, and maximum sizes into account.
In this section, we will talk about top-to-bottom layout. The same concepts apply to left-to-right or right-to-left layout. You simply substitute X for Y, height for width, and so on.
When a BoxLayout lays out components from top to bottom, it tries to size each component at the component's preferred height. If the vertical space of the layout does not match the sum of the preferred heights, then BoxLayout latches for boxes java to resize the components to fill the space. The components either grow or shrink to fill the space, with BoxLayout honoring the minimum and maximum sizes of each of the components. Any extra space appears at the bottom of the container.
For Hinges And Latches For Small Boxes Journal a top-to-bottom box layout, the preferred width of the container is that of the maximum preferred width of the children. If the container is forced to be wider than that, BoxLayout attempts to size the width of each component to that of the container's width minus Types Of Latches For Boxes Java insets. If the maximum size of a component is smaller than the width of the container, then X alignment comes into play. The X alignments affect not only the components' positions relative to each other, but also the location of the components as a group within their container.
The following figures illustrate alignment of components that have restricted maximum widths. In the first figure, all three components have an X alignment of 0.
This means that the components' left latches for boxes java should be aligned. Furthermore, it means latches for boxes java all three components are positioned as far left in their container as possible.
In the second figure, all three components have an X alignment of 0. This means that the components' centers should be aligned, and that the components should be positioned in the horizontal center of their container. In the latches for boxes java figure, the components have an X alignment of 1. You can guess what latches for boxes java means for the components' alignment and position relative to their container. You latches for boxes java be wondering what happens when the components have both restricted maximum sizes and different X alignments.
The next figure shows an example of this:. As you can see, the left side of the component with an X alignment of 0. Mixed alignments like this are further discussed in Fixing Alignment Problems. What if none of the components has a maximum width?
In this case, if all the components have identical X alignment, then all components are made as wide as their container. If the X alignments are different, then any component with an X alignment of 0. All components with an intermediate X alignment such as center will be as wide as Decorative Latches For Boxes their container. Here latches for boxes java two examples:. You can see the code in BoxLayoutDemo2. You will see a window like the one above that contains three rectangles.
Each component controlled by a box layout butts up against its neighboring components. If you want to latches for boxes java space between components, you can either add an empty border to one or both components, or insert invisible components to provide the space.
You can create invisible components with the help of the Box class. The Box class defines a nested class, Box. Fillerthat is a transparent component that paints nothing, and is used to provide space between other components.
However, Filler is not actually invisible, because setVisible false is not invoked. The Box class provides convenience methods to help you create common kinds of filler. The following table gives details about creating invisible components with Box and Box.
Note: The Box class provides another kind of filler for putting fixed space between components: a vertical or horizontal strut. Unfortunately, latches for boxes java have unlimited maximum heights or widths for horizontal and vertical struts, respectively. This means that if you use a horizontal box within a vertical box, for example, the horizontal box can sometimes become too tall.
For this reason, we recommend that you use rigid areas instead of struts. In general, all the components controlled by a top-to-bottom BoxLayout object should have the same X alignment.
Similarly, all the components controlled by a left-to-right Boxlayout should generally have the same Y alignment. An alternative available to all components is to override the getAlignmentX method in a custom subclass of the component class. Similarly, you set the Y alignment of a component by invoking the setAlignmentY method or by overriding getAlignmentY. Here is an example, taken from an application called BoxAlignmentDemoof changing the Y alignments of two buttons so that the bottoms of the buttons are aligned:.
By default, most components have center X and Y alignment. The previous picture shows what happens if you put a left-aligned component such as a label together with a center-aligned component in a container latches for boxes java by a top-to-bottom BoxLayout.
The BoxAlignmentDemo program gives examples of fixing mismatched alignment problems. Usually, it is as simple as making an offending button or label be center aligned. For example:. As mentioned before, BoxLayout pays latches for boxes java to a component's requested minimum, preferred, and maximum sizes.
While you are fine-tuning the layout, you might need to adjust these sizes. Sometimes the need to adjust the size is obvious. For example, a button's maximum size is generally the same as its preferred size. If you want the button to be drawn wider when additional space is available, then you need to change its maximum size.
Sometimes, however, the need to adjust size is not so obvious. You might be getting unexpected results with a box layout, and you might not know why. In this case, it is usually best to treat latches for boxes java problem as an alignment problem first. If adjusting the alignments does not help, then you might have a size problem. We'll discuss this further a bit later.
If you are running into trouble with a box layout and you have ruled out alignment problems, then the trouble might well be size-related. For example, if the container controlled by the box layout is taking up too much space, then one or more of the components in the container probably needs to have its maximum size restricted.
The following tables list the commonly used BoxLayout and Box constructors and methods. The API for using box layouts falls into these categories:.
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