Lathe Cutting Tools | A Guide to Lathe machine Tools with PDF

Lathe Machine is one of the oldest machine tools in the production machine. Today we will study Definitions, Parts, Types, Operations, Specifications, advantages, disadvantages, and applications of the Lathe machine.

Lathe machine is probably the oldest machine tool know to mankind. Its first use date back to BC in Egypt. The first lathe was a simple Lathe which is now called a two-person lathe.

In this one person would turn the wood workpiece using rope and lathe machine tools list 50 other person would shape the workpiece using a sharp tool. This design was further improved by lathe machine tools list 50 Ancient Romans who added the turning bow and lather the paddle as there in llst sewing machine was added. Further during the industrial revolution Steam Engines and water wheel were attached to the Lathe to turn the workpiece to a higher speed which made the work faster and easier.

Then, In servo mechanism was used to control the lathe machine. From this crude begging and over a period of more than two centuries, lathe machine tools list 50 modern engine lathe has evolved. A lathe machine is a machine tool that removes the undesired material from a rotating workpiece in the form of chips with the help of a tool that is traversed across the work and can lthe feed deep into the work.

It one of the most versatile and widely used machine tools all over the world. Nowadays, Lathe Machine has become a general-purpose machine tool, employed in production and repair work, because it permits a large variety of operations to be performed on it.

The bed of the lathe machine is the base on which all the other parts of the lathe are mounted. The bed is made from Cast iron or nickel cast iron alloy and is supported on broad box-section columns.

Its upper surface is either scraped or grounded and the guiding and the sliding surfaces are provided. It is rigidly supported by cross griths. The scrapped or the ground guiding along with the sliding surfaces on the lathe bed ensure the accuracy of the alignment of these three units.

The headstock is present on the left end of the bed. The main function of the headstock is to transmit power to the different parts of the lathe. It supports the main spindle in the mwchine and aligns it properly. It also houses a necessary transmission mechanism with speed changing levers to obtain different speeds. It consists of the dead centers, the adjusting screws, and the handwheel.

The body of the tailstock is adjustable on the base which is mounted on the guideways of the bed and can be moved. Carriage is located between headstock and tailstock. The basic function of the carriage is to support, guide, and feed the tool against the job during operation. Lathe machine tools list 50 is an Lathe machine tools list 50 casting lathe machine tools list 50 on the top of the lathe ways.

It lathe machine tools list 50 support to cross-slide, lathe machine tools list 50 rest, and tool post. Cross slide is provided with a female dovetail on one side and assembled on the top of the saddle with its male dovetail. The top surface of the cross slide is provided with T slots to enable fixing of rear tool post or coolant attachment.

Carriage basically provides a mounted or automatic cross-movement for the cutting tool. Compound rest is present on the top of the cross slide. It supports the tool post and cutting tool in its various positions.

Compound rest is necessary for turning angles and boring short tapers and forms on forming tools. The tool post is lathe machine tools list 50 on the compound rest. It is used lst hold various cutting tool holders. The holders rest on a wedge which is shaped on the bottom to fit into a lathe machine tools list 50 ring segmental type.

Which permits the height of the cutting edge to be adjusted by tilting the tool. Lathe machine tools list 50 is fixed on the top lathe machine tools list 50. It gets its 5 by the movement of the saddle, cross slide, and top slide.

The Apron is fastened to the saddle and hangs over the front of the bed. Apron consists of the gears and clutches for transmitting motion from the feed rod to the carriage, and the split nut which engages with the lead screw during cutting threads. It can be attached to the lathe by screwing on the spindle nose. It is used for irregular shapes, rough castings of square or octagonal in such jobs, where a hole is to be positioned off the center.

It consists of toools jaws and each jaw is independently actuated and adjusted by a key for holding the job. It consists of three jaws that move simultaneously by turning a key and the workpiece automatically remains in the center of the chuck opening.

Lathe machine tools list 50 is used for holding a round, hexagonal bar or other symmetric work. It is mostly used in the places where production work is required such as in Capstan Lathe or automats.

It is used for holding the bars of small sizes below 63mm. They are of permanent magnet type or electrically operated. In Lathe, it does not have widespread use. Feed rod is a power transmission mechanism used for precise linear movement of the carriage along the longitudinal axis of the lathe. In some lathe machines toosl of feed rod lead screws are used. The lead screw is used mostly in the case when the threading operation is to be performed on a lathe.

As we know lathe machine tools list 50 threading operation requires rotational movement of the job workpiece and the linear movement of the tool lathe machine tools list 50 post. So rotation of the job is obtained by the lathe machine tools list 50 and the desired linear motion of the tool-post as the lead screw drives the saddle when it is engaged is provided with the help of a lead screw.

A Lathe works on the principle of rotating the workpiece and a fixed cutting tool. The workpiece is held between two rigid and strong supports called a center or in a chuck or in faceplate which revolves.

Lathe removes the undesired material from a rotating workpiece in the form of chips with the help of a tool that is transverse across the work and can be fed deep in the work. The main function of the lathe is to remove the metal from a job to give it the required shape and size. The normal cutting operations are performed with the cutting tool fed either parallel or at right lathe machine tools list 50 to the axis of the work.

The cutting tool can be fed at an angle relative to the axis of the work for machining tapers and angles. A variety of products can be made from the lathe machine and that are Nuts, bolts, piston, ram, pump part, electric motor parts, sleeves, Aircraft parts, gun barrels, candlesticks, train parts, cue sticks, wooden bowls, baseball bat, crankshaft and many more things.

The engine lathe is the most important tool in the Machin family and by far the most widely used type of Lathe machine. Its name is derived from the fact that early machine tools were driven by separate Engines or central engines with overhead belts and shafts.

The operations which can be performed by the Engine Lathe machine are Turning, facing, grooving, knurling, threading, and many more operations that can be performed by it. Engine lathe consists of headstock, Tailstock, bed, saddle, carriage and other parts. It is a production machine that is used for the production of products on a large listt. It basically handles heavy-duty workpieces. The distinguishing feature of this type of lathe is that the Tailstock is replaced by hexagonal Turret.

In machins, several tools are set up on a lathe machine tools list 50 turret to facilitate in performing a large number of operations on a job with minimum wastage of time. The turret usually accommodates 6 tools for different operations like drilling, countersinking, reaming, tapping, etc, which can be brought into successively working positions by indexing the turret.

Turret lathe is basically used for repetitive batch production. It is similar to the Turret lathe. Used for the mass production lathe machine tools list 50 the light-duty workpiece. It incorporates a capstan slide which moves on the auxiliary slide and can be clamped in any position. This is best suited for the production of the small parts because of its lightweight and short stroke of capstan llst. This is the simplest form of the lathe and consists of a simple Headstock, tailstock, and a tool post.

Having no gearbox, lead screw, and carriage. Very high speed of the headstock spindle. The speed of the spindle ranges from to rpm. Tools are hand-operated. Cone-pulley is the only source provided for speed variation of the spindle.

Speed Lathes are intensively used in woodturningmetal spinning, and polishing operation. Tool Room lathe is a modern engine lathe that is equipped with all the necessary accessories for the accurate tool room work. It is best suited for the production of small tools, dies, gauges, ,athe. It is a geared head driven machine with tooks rage in spindle speed and feeds.

Its speed can range from very low to a very high speed of up to rpm. Bench Lathe machine is a type of small lathe machine which has all the parts of the engine Lathe and speed lathe. Special purpose lathe lateh is used for performing the specific special tasks which cannot be performed by an ordinary lathe. Some type of special-purpose Lathe are as follow:.

In tpols bed lathe, a gap is provided over the bed near the headstock to handle the job having flanges or some other protruding parts. Mostly a removable portion is provided in the bed so that when it is not required it can lathe machine tools list 50 inserted. Wheel lathes are a special-purpose lathe machine that is used for finishing the journals and turning the tread on locomotive wheels.

T- Lathe machine is a type of machine which has a T shaped bed and is used in the aerospace industry for the machining of the rotors of the jet engine. As the name suggests automatic Lathe machine is a machine in which the complete work and the job handling movements required for the completion of the job are done automatically. CNC lathe machine machnie the most accurate products as compared to the other tolos of lathe machine. In this machine, programs are being fed to the computer system which controls lathe machine tools list 50 overall working of the lathe.

It is used for large scale production.

This class is intended for lathe operators and students in a turning operator training program who understand how to set up and run a turning machine. Students should be able to identify common types of turning tools, tool holders, and tool materials. Students should also be able to read and understand blueprints and perform basic shop math File Size: 2MB. Lathe Machine Definition: A lathe machine is a machine tool that is used to remove metals from a workpiece to give a desired shape and size. Lathe Machines are used in metalworking, woodturning, metal spinning, thermal spraying, glass working, and parts reclamation.. The various other operations that you can perform with the help of Lathe Machine can include sanding, cutting, knurling. A leading manufacturers and suppliers of lathe machine tools offering all types of lathe tools at affordable prices in India and International market also.

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