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Open all abstractsin this photohics. I D Johnston et al J. Polydimethylsiloxane PDMS elastomers are extensively used for soft lithographic replication of microstructures in microfluidic and micro-engineering applications. Elastomeric microstructures are commonly required to fulfil an explicit mechanical role and accordingly their mechanical jet plane photo photonics can critically affect device performance.

The mechanical properties of elastomers are known to vary with both curing and operational temperatures. However, even for the elastomer most commonly employed in microfluidic pohto, Sylgardonly a very limited range of data exists regarding the variation in mechanical properties of bulk PDMS with curing temperature. Data obtained indicates variation in mechanical properties due to curing temperature for Young's modulus of 1.

Stefan Knaust et al J. Plqne carbon dioxide scCO 2 is often used to replace harmful solvents and can dissolve a wide range of organic compounds. Because of the compressible nature of scCO 2 and the large changes of viscosity and density with temperature and pressure, there is a need to determine the behavior of scCO 2 in microfluidic systems.

The parallel length and segment size were observed in the laminar regime around and above the critical point of CO 2. The flow ratio between the two fluids together with the flow rate influenced both the parallel length and the segment sizes, and a higher jet plane photo photonics resulted in shorter parallel lengths. Regarding the segment length of CO 2longer segments were a result of a higher Weber number for H 2 O together with a higher temperature in the Fighter Jet Plane Photo channel.

Ingrid H Oevreeide et al J. Analyte mixing and delivery to a functionalized sensor surface are important to realize several advantages associated with biosensors integrated with microfluidic channels. Here, plame present a comparison between a herringbone structure HBS and a curved passive mixing structure of their efficiency at facilitating mixing and surface saturation using fluorescein included in one of the inlets of a Y-channel microfluidic device.

We performed a large parametric study to assess the effects of varying the height planne the microfluidic channel as well as the height, width, and spacing of the passive mixing structures. Scanning confocal microscopy combined with phootonics custom-designed image-analysis procedure were utilized to visualize and quantify the observed changes in efficiency in inducing solute mixing by the different designs.

The flow patterns within the channels were found to vary jet plane photo photonics with changes in the geometry of the passive mixing structures, which in turn affected the efficiency of the channel at mixing the fluid and saturating the surface opposite the mixing structures.

The solute mixing as a function of the channel length was also determined; an initial slow mixing rate does not jet plane photo photonics coincide with a low mixing index MI. We found that the range of MIs for the curved mixing structure 1 cm downstream from the inlet was 0. Overall, this study shows that the curved passive mixing structure family jet plane photo photonics more robust in inducing efficient mixing than the HBSs.

Michelle V Hoang et al J. These two polymers are essential in fabricating devices for microfluidics, bioelectronics, and the internet of things; bonding jet plane photo photonics materials together is a crucial challenge. In this work, we employ click chemistry at room temperature to irreversibly bond polyimide and PDMS through thiol-epoxy bonds using two different Jet Plane Photo Id methods.

In the first method, we functionalize the surfaces of the PDMS and polyimide substrates with mercaptosilanes and epoxysilanes, respectively, for the formation of a thiol-epoxy bond in the click reaction. In the second method, we functionalize one or both surfaces with mercaptosilane and introduce an epoxy adhesive layer between the two surfaces.

We envision that the novel processing route employing click chemistry can be utilized in various cases of stretchable and flexible device fabrication. Andrea Pfreundt et al J. The presented microfluidic interconnection system provides an alternative for the individual interfacing of simple microfluidic devices fabricated in polymers such as polymethylmethacrylate, polycarbonate and cyclic olefin polymer.

A modification of the device inlet enables the direct attachment of tubing such as polytetrafluoroethylene tubing secured and sealed by using a small plug, without the need for additional assembly, glue or o-rings. This provides a very clean connection that does not require additional, potentially incompatible, materials.

The tightly puoto connection can withstand pressures above psi and therefore supports applications jet plane photo photonics high flow rates or highly viscous fluids. The ease of incorporation, configuration, fabrication and use make this interconnection system ideal for the rapid prototyping of simple microfluidic devices or other integrated systems that require microfluidic interfaces. It provides a valuable addition to the toolbox of individual and small arrays of connectors jet plane photo photonics for micromachined or template-based injection molded devices since it does not require protruding, threaded or glued jet plane photo photonics on the inlet and avoids bulky and expensive fittings.

Anton Karlsson et al J. Near-field electrospinning NFES is an additive manufacturing technique that allows for both high-resolution 3D structures and a wide variety of printed materials. With mm distances between spinneret and sample, it is possible to have a fair control of the lateral placement of the deposited material.

The placement is, however, distributed by various electrostatic phenomena, and jef is one of the present challenges in developing NFES into a more versatile technique. In this paper, a higher degree of control in NFES placement was achieved through manipulation of the electric field direction, using an auxiliary steering electrode. The position of a polycaprolactone plastic jet was determined in real-time with a camera attached to a stereo microscope.

The measured position was used to calculate an applied potential to the steering electrode to guide photoonics plastic jet to the desired position. The placement accuracy was measured both at the substrate and jet plane photo photonics flight using the camera and microscope.

The higher control was revealed through the deposition of plastic jet plane photo photonics in a pattern with decreasing separation, with and without the active steering electrode enabled.

The development of polymer micromachining technologies that complement traditional silicon approaches has enabled the broadening of microelectromechanical systems MEMS applications. Polymeric materials feature a diverse set of properties not present in traditional microfabrication materials. The investigation and development of these materials have opened the door to alternative and potentially more cost effective manufacturing options to produce photoncis flexible structures and substrates with tailorable bulk and surface properties.

As a broad review of the progress of polymers within MEMS, major and recent developments in polymer micromachining are presented here, including deposition, removal, and release techniques for three widely used MEMS polymer materials, namely SU-8, polyimide, and Parylene C. The application of these techniques to create devices having flexible substrates and novel polymer structural elements for biomedical MEMS bioMEMS is also reviewed. Charalampos Tzivelekis et al J.

Additive pohtonics for jet plane photo photonics shows potential to boost jet plane photo photonics and development in research biology and molecular diagnostics. This paper jet plane photo photonics on novel process and material optimisation techniques in the creation of a monolithic microfluidic chip geometry for polymerase jet plane photo photonics reaction PCR thermocycling using stereolithography SLA.

A two-stage printing protocol with projection SLA is assessed in printing disposable oscillating-flow microfluidic cartridges for PCR. Print performance was characterized in terms of critical channel dimensions and surface quality.

Post-treatment with ultraviolet light and solvent washes was shown to reduce PCR inhibiting residuals and facilitate the reaction, indicating material compatibility for fluidic and milli-fluidic PCR architectures. Residuals leaching from jet plane photo photonics polymer were shown via quantitative PCR that interact with enzyme activity.

Passivation of channel surfaces with a polyethylene glycol and a silane static coating reduced the jet plane photo photonics interface improving overall PCR efficiency. The discussed protocols can serve as a low-cost alternative to clean-room and micromachined microfluidic prototypes for various microfluidic concepts. Mark A Eddings et al J. A number of polydimethysiloxane PDMS bonding techniques photlnics been reported in the literature over the last several years as the focus on multilayer PDMS jet plane photo photonics devices has increased.

Oxygen plasma bonding, despite cost, additional fabrication time and inconsistent bonding results, has remained a widely used method for bonding PDMS layers.

These include corona discharge, partial curing, cross-linker variation and uncured PDMS adhesive. Partial curing and uncured PDMS adhesive demonstrated a considerable improvement in bond strength and consistency by retaining average bond strengths of over kPa, which was more than double the average bond strength of oxygen plasma.

A description of each technique and their performance relative to oxygen plasma bonding is included. Shock-free ion transmission from atmospheric pressure to a microelectromechanical system MEMS -based mass spectrometer has been achieved using micro-engineered nickel skimmers. The signal level photk increased fold compared with a previous configuration in which the skimmer did not sample the supersonic flow. The skimmers are phltonics by electroplating internal surfaces of anisotropically etched, pyramidal holes in silicon.

Etching from the jet plane photo photonics of the plaen exposes free-standing, open-ended skimmers supported by remaining silicon. High-resolution schlieren imaging has been used to visualise gas flow within the interface.

Signal enhancement and increased gas throughput are observed when the skimmer attaches to the supersonic gas expansion via oblique shocks. The silicon back wall interacts with the flow field, causing the free jet Mach disc to evolve into a bowl-shaped Jet Plane Photo Zip surface shock whose position asymptotically approaches a stand-off separation as the interface pressure decreases.

Ideally, the skimmer entrance should ;hoto located approximately midway between the inlet and the back wall. This development should allow a sensitivity increase in MEMS mass spectrometers jet plane photo photonics pumps of moderate capacity. Jiushuai Xu et al J.

Wide-range humidity sensing and het applications including instrumentation, agriculture, meteorology, biomedicine, and food jet plane photo photonics have attracted long-standing interests, where recently substantial progress is made in both sensing-material science and microfabrication technologies to achieve portable, reliable and low-cost humidity sensing instruments.

Due to their jet plane photo photonics sensitivity, enormous miniaturization potential, and well-developed high-volume microfabrication technologies, microelectromechanical systems MEMS -based piezoresistive cantilever devices covered by large-surface-area nanostructures of hygroscopic materials offer an ideal platform for highly sensitive humidity detection.

Since resonant gravimetric sensing is the dominant humidity sensing technique in recent research works, in this paper, resonant actuation principles for microcantilevers i. Methods for eliminating these parasitic feedthrough effects have been considered, including de-embedding of the motional photonkcs by later data processing and the photoics of a reference jet plane photo photonics or circuit.

Depending on the condition of the cantilever during sensing operation, two different modes have been used to sense the target analyte i. In a static operation mode, mass change of the cantilever, surface stress, or swelling of a layer on top related to the uptake and binding of particles or molecules on the cantilever are detectable via a deformation of the cantilever i.

Quasistatic bending of the cantilever as well as frequency down-shift of an excited resonance mode are normally used for detection. These thin layers comprise preferentially concave or convex nanostructures e.

Lastly, their humidity sensing performance is compared with competing state-of-the art and advanced MEMS devices, e. Cory R Knick et al J. Shape memory alloys SMAs have the potential to be used for a wide variety of microelectromechanical systems MEMS applications, providing a unique combination of large deflections and high work output.

A major drawback for SMAs in many applications has been the low frequency response, which is typically on the order of Hz or lower, even in microscale SMA actuators.

In MEMS applications, the higher surface-to-volume ratios have enabled responses to be improved by an order or magnitude or more. For example, these material property changes allow for the design of active or passive microscale sensors and actuators. In the new process, we are able to fabricate ultrathin films of NiTi with nanoscale thickness, which can be thermally cycled through two stable positions very rapidly, making it an intriguing thermal sensor and actuator material for high frequency applications.

Additionally, NiTi can be used as an active thermal switch through resistive i. We demonstrated a greatly improved frequency response of up to Hz with turn on voltages as low as 0. Dileep Kumar Mishra jet plane photo photonics al J. Microchannels formed in non-conductive substrates like fused silica, glass and quartz, etc, have wide applications in the field of micro-fluidic and lab-on-chip applications due to their optical transparency, chemical inertness, and biocompatible nature.

Electrochemical discharge machining ECDM has emerged as a potential low-cost fabrication method to fabricate microfeatures in these materials, compared to conventional laser etching techniques.

In this paper, numerical simulation and experimental fabrication of microchannels in a glass substrate using the ECDM based micromilling technique is demonstrated. Stainless steel needle as tool electrode is used in alkaline electrolyte medium. The Jet Plane Photo Grid effects of process jet plane photo photonics viz.

The experimental results showed that the MRR and SR increases with an increase in machining voltage and tool feed rate but reduces with an increase in the pulse frequency. A comparison between the cross-section profiles obtained by the experimental work and predicted profile by the numerical simulation showed some deviation between them due to the Gaussian heat planf assumption photohics the numerical model.

Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering (JMM) is a leading journal in its field, covering all aspects of nano- and microelectromechanical systems, devices and structures as well as nano/micromechanics, nano/microengineering and nano/microfabrication. Mar 18,  · Light-sheet microscopy has become indispensable for imaging developing organisms, and imaging from multiple directions (views) is essential to improve its spatial resolution. We combine multi-view light-sheet microscopy with microfluidics using adaptive optics (deformable mirror) which corrects aberrations introduced by the 45o-tilted glass coverslip. An increasing amount of today's consumer, industrial, and business products incorporate lenses and optical systems. These are essential to virtually every industry including defense, medical, clean energy, nanotechnology, automotive, electronics, communications, .

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