The atmosphere of Earth is the layer of gases, commonly known as air, retained by Earth's gravity, surrounding the planet Earth and forming its planetary atmosphere. The atmosphere of Earth protects life on Earth by creating pressure allowing for liquid water to exist on the Earth's surface, absorbing ultraviolet solar radiation, warming the surface through heat retention (greenhouse effect), and reducing temperature extremes between day and night (the diurnal temperature variation). Write a Java class "Air Plane". Object-property names and types are given and compulsory. Write the according constructor and getter-, setter-method.  Planes travel large distances, possibly reaching countries far far away, where people might use the imperial system (or even other, more arcane ones). You have an implicit contract of what units the values should be given in. That contract is not clearly communicated. Are the weights in metric tonnes?  There are Jet Plane Moves In Which Layer Of Atmosphere Note several type of jet fuels. Mass never changes but density can along with the heating value of the fuel. \$\endgroup\$ – Michael-O Oct 30 '16 at Add a comment |. But in which atmosphere layers? Let’s dig a bit deeper into the purpose of each atmosphere layer and how does it relate to Earth. Table of Contents show. The 4 Layers of the Atmosphere. 1. Troposphere. 2. Stratosphere.  In this layer, the jet stream blows strong winds eastward. Airplanes use this layer of the atmosphere when they travel from west to east. It gives an extra push on its tail which helps it move faster. It also has the ozone layer, which absorbs harmful radiation from the sun. This includes UV rays. But in the south pole, there is a hole and if it enlarges could cause issues. 3. Mesosphere. The mesosphere is the coldest region of Earth’s atmosphere. It’s somewhere close to degrees Celsius.

Jet streams are fast flowing, narrow, meandering air currents in the atmospheres of some planets, including Earth. Their paths typically have a meandering shape. Jet streams may start, stop, split into two or more parts, combine into one stream, or flow in various directions including opposite to the direction of the remainder Jet Plane Moves In Which Layer Of Atmosphere Id of the jet.

The strongest jet streams are the polar jetsat 9—12 km 30,—39, ft above sea level, and the higher altitude and somewhat weaker subtropical jets at 10—16 km 33,—52, ft. The Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere each have a polar jet and a subtropical jet.

The northern hemisphere polar jet flows over the middle to northern latitudes of North AmericaEuropeand Asia and their intervening oceanswhile the southern hemisphere polar jet mostly circles Antarctica all year round.

Jet streams are the product of two factors: the atmospheric heating by solar radiation that produces the large-scale Polar, Ferrel, and Hadley circulation cells, and the action of the Coriolis force acting on those moving masses. The Coriolis force is caused by the layfr rotation on its axis. On other planets, internal heat rather than solar heating drives their jet streams.

The Polar jet stream forms near the interface of the Polar and Ferrel circulation cells; the subtropical jet forms near the boundary of the Ferrel and Hadley circulation cells.

Other jet streams also exist. During the Northern Hemisphere summer, easterly jets can form in tropical regions, typically where jet plane moves in which layer of atmosphere java air encounters more humid air at high altitudes. Low-level jets also are typical of various regions such as the central United States. There are also jet streams in the thermosphere.

Meteorologists use jet plane moves in which layer of atmosphere java location of some of the jet streams as an aid in weather forecasting. The main commercial relevance of the jet streams is in air travel, as flight time can be dramatically affected by either flying with the planee or against, which results in significant fuel and time cost savings for airlines.

Often, the airlines work to fly 'with' the jet stream for this reason. Dynamic North Atlantic Tracks are one example of how airlines and air traffic control work together to accommodate the jet stream and winds aloft that results in the maximum benefit for airlines and other users.

Clear-air turbulencea potential hazard to aircraft passenger safety, is often found in a jet stream's vicinity, but it does not create a substantial alteration on flight jet plane moves in which layer of atmosphere java. After the eruption of the Krakatoa volcano atomsphere, weather watchers tracked and mapped the effects on the sky over several years.

They labelled the phenomenon the "equatorial smoke stream". Oishi's work largely went unnoticed outside Japan because it was published in Esperanto. American pilot Wiley Postthe first man to fly around the world solo inis often given some credit for discovery of jet streams. Post invented a pressurized suit that let him fly above 6, metres 20, ft. In the year before his death, Post made several attempts at a high-altitude transcontinental flight, and noticed that at times his ground speed greatly exceeded his air speed.

Jet streams wander laterally dramatically, and changes in their altitude. The jet streams form near breaks in the tropopause, at the transitions between the Polar, Ferrel and Hadley circulation cellsand whose circulation, with the Coriolis force layerr on those masses, drives the jet streams.

The Polar jets, at lower altitude, and often intruding into mid-latitudes, strongly affect weather and aviation. These two jets merge at some locations and times, while at other times they are well separated. The northern Polar jet stream is said to "follow the sun" as it slowly migrates northward as that hemisphere warms, and southward again as it cools. The width of a jet stream is typically a few hundred kilometres or miles and its vertical thickness often less than five kilometres 16, feet.

Jet streams are typically continuous over long distances, but discontinuities are common. Each large meander, or wave, within the jet stream is known as a Rossby wave planetary wave. Rossby waves are caused by changes in the Coriolis effect with mves. The jet stream moves from West to East bringing changes of weather. For example, in andBritain experienced severe flooding as a result of the polar jet staying south for the summer. In general, winds are strongest immediately under the tropopause except locally, during tornadoestropical cyclones or other anomalous situations.

If two air masses of different temperatures or densities meet, the jet plane moves in which layer of atmosphere java pressure difference caused by the density difference which ultimately causes wind is highest within the transition zone. The wind does not flow llane from the hot to the cold area, but is deflected by the Coriolis effect and flows jet plane moves in which layer of atmosphere java the boundary of the two air masses.

All these facts are consequences of the thermal wind relation. The balance of forces acting on an atmospheric air parcel in the vertical direction is primarily between the gravitational force acting on the mass jet plane moves in which layer of atmosphere java the parcel and the buoyancy force, or the difference in pressure between the top and bottom surfaces of the parcel.

Any imbalance between these forces results in the acceleration of the parcel in the imbalance direction: upward if the buoyant force exceeds the weight, and downward if the weight exceeds the buoyancy force. The balance in the vertical direction is referred to as hydrostatic.

Beyond the tropics, the dominant forces act in the atmospuere direction, and the primary struggle is between the Coriolis force and the pressure gradient force. Balance between these two forces is referred to as geostrophic. Given both hydrostatic and geostrophic balance, one can derive the thermal wind relation: the vertical gradient of the horizontal wind is proportional to the horizontal temperature gradient.

If two air masses, one cold and dense to the North and the other hot and less dense to the South, are separated by a vertical boundary and that boundary should be removed, the difference in densities will result in the cold air mass slipping under the hotter and less dense air mass.

The Coriolis effect will then cause poleward-moving mass to deviate to the East, while equatorward-moving mass will deviate toward the west. The general trend in the atmosphere jet plane moves in which layer of atmosphere java for temperatures to decrease in the poleward direction.

As a result, winds develop an eastward component and that component grows with altitude. Therefore, the strong eastward moving jet streams are in part a simple consequence of the fact that the Equator is warmer than the North and South poles. The thermal wind relation does not explain why the winds jet plane moves in which layer of atmosphere java organized into tight jets, rather than distributed more broadly over the hemisphere.

One factor that contributes to the creation of a concentrated polar jet is the undercutting of sub-tropical air masses by the more dense polar air masses at the polar front.

This causes surface low laysr and higher pressure at altitude. At high altitudes, lack of friction allows air to respond freely to the steep pressure gradient with low pressure at high altitude over the pole. This results in the formation of planetary wind circulations that experience a strong Coriolis deflection and thus can be considered 'quasi-geostrophic'. A second factor which contributes to a concentrated jet is more applicable to the subtropical jet plane moves in which layer of atmosphere java which forms at the omves limit of the tropical Plqne celland to first order this circulation is symmetric with respect to longitude.

Tropical air rises to the tropopause, and moves movrs before sinking; this is the Hadley cell circulation. As it does so it tends to conserve angular momentum, since friction with the ground is slight.

Air masses that begin moving poleward are deflected eastward by the Coriolis force true for either hemispherewhich for poleward moving air implies an increased westerly component of the winds [27] note that deflection is leftward in the southern hemisphere.

Jupiter 's atmosphere has multiple jet streams, caused by the convection cells that form the familiar banded color structure; on Jupiter, these convection cells are driven Jet Plane Moves In Which Layer Of Atmosphere Name by internal heating. In models, as one increases the planetary radius, holding all other parameters fixed, [ clarification needed ] the number of jet streams decreases.

The subtropical jet stream rounding the base of the mid-oceanic upper trough is thought [28] to be one of the causes most of the Hawaiian Islands have been resistant to the long list of Hawaii hurricanes that have approached. For example, when Hurricane Flossie approached and dissipated just before reaching landfall, the U.

On Earth, the northern polar jet stream is whcih most important one for aviation and weather forecasting, as it is much stronger and at a much lower altitude than the subtropical jet streams and also covers many countries in the Northern Hemispherewhile the southern polar jet stream mostly circles Antarctica and sometimes the southern tip of South America.

The term jet stream in these contexts thus usually implies the northern polar jet stream. The location of the jet stream is extremely important for aviation. Commercial use of the jet stream began on 18 Novemberwhen Pan Am flew from Tokyo to Honolulu at an altitude of 7, metres 24, ft. It cut the trip time by over one-third, from 18 to Associated with jet streams is a phenomenon known as clear-air turbulence CATcaused by vertical and horizontal wind shear caused by jet streams.

Scientists are investigating ways to harness the wind energy within the jet stream. According to one estimate of the potential wind energy in the jet stream, only one percent jet plane moves in which layer of atmosphere java be needed to meet the world's current energy needs.

The required technology would reportedly take 10—20 years to develop. Near the jet plane moves in which layer of atmosphere java of World War IIfrom late until earlythe Japanese Fu-Go balloon bomba type of fire balloonwas designed as a cheap weapon intended to make use of the jet stream over the Pacific Ocean to reach the west coast of Canada and the United States.

They were relatively ineffective as weapons, but they were used in one of the few attacks on North America during World War IIcausing six deaths and a small amount of damage. Whhich had killed many hundreds of thousands of people in China with biological weapons, developed by conducting experiments on live human subjects that were as appalling as those conducted by Nazi Germany in Jewish concentration camps.

The Japanese Imperial Army's Noborito Institute cultivated anthrax and plague Yersinia pestis ; furthermore, it produced enough cowpox viruses to infect the entire United States. Consequently, biological warfare using Fu-Go balloons was not implemented.

Evidence suggests atmoaphere jet stream was at least partly responsible for the widespread drought conditions during the s Dust Bowl in the Midwest United States. Normally, the jet stream flows east over plqne Gulf of Mexico and turns northward pulling up moisture and dumping rain onto the Great Plains.

During the Dust Bowl, the jet stream weakened and changed course traveling farther south than normal. This starved the Great Plains and other areas of the Midwest of rainfall, causing extraordinary drought conditions. Climate scientists have hypothesized that the jet jaa will gradually weaken as a result of global warming. Trends such as Movee sea ice declinereduced snow cover, evapotranspiration patterns, and other weather anomalies have caused the Whicg to heat up faster than other parts of the globe polar amplification.

This in turn reduces the temperature gradient that drives jet stream winds, which may eventually cause the jet stream to become weaker and more variable in its course.

With a weaker jet stream, the Polar vortex has a higher probability to leak out of the polar area and bring extremely cold weather lqyer the middle latitude regions. Across North America, this type of change could lead to drier conditions across the southern tier of the United States and more frequent and more intense tropical cyclones in ,oves tropics.

A similar slow poleward drift was found when studying the Southern Hemisphere jet stream poane the same time frame. The polar night jet moves at a greater height about 24, metres 80, ft than atmosphers does during the summer. This difference in temperature gives rise to extreme air pressure differences in the stratosphere, which, when combined with the Coriolis effect, create the polar night jets, that race eastward at an altitude of about 48 kilometres 30 mi.

The warmer air can only move along the edge of the polar vortex, but not enter it. Within the vortex, the cold polar air becomes increasingly cold with neither warmer air from lower latitudes nor energy from the Sun entering during the polar night. A barrier jet in the low levels forms just upstream of mountain chains, with the mountains forcing the jet to be oriented parallel to the mountains.

The mountain barrier increases the strength of the low level wind by 45 percent. A valley exit jet is a strong, down-valley, elevated air current that emerges above the intersection of the valley and its adjacent plain.

Surface winds below the jet may sway vegetation, but are significantly weaker. They are likely to be found in valley regions that exhibit diurnal mountain wind systems, such as those of the dry mountain jet plane moves in which layer of atmosphere java of the US. Deep valleys that terminate abruptly at a plain are more impacted by these factors than are those that gradually become shallower as downvalley distance increases.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Dec 31,  · The troposphere is the lowest level of Earth’s atmosphere. Above it, however, is the stratosphere, followed by the stratopause and then the mesosphere. Commercial jets can certainly fly above or below the troposphere, but this layer of the atmosphere offers . Jet streams are fast flowing, narrow, meandering air currents in the atmospheres of some planets, including Earth. On Earth, the main jet streams are located near the altitude of the tropopause and are westerly winds (flowing west to east). Their paths typically have a meandering shape. Jet streams may start, stop, split into two or more parts, combine into one stream, or flow in various. Aeroplanes fly in the layer stratosphere. The lower layer of the stratosphere has a virtual absence of absence of water vapour and constant temperature conditions,therefore,it is ideal for flying jet aircraft. views View 2 Upvoters.

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