Wikipedia. lathe — [lāth] n. [ME lath, turning lathe, supporting stand, prob. English. Lathe (metal) — Center lathe with DRO and chuck guard. Size is mm swing x mm between centers A metal lathe or metalworking lathe is a large class of lathes designed for precisely machining relatively hard materials. They were originally designed to Wikipedia. Lathe — A lathe (pronEng|ˈleɪð) is a machine tool which spins a block of material to perform various operations such as cutting, sanding, knurling, drilling, or deformation with tools that are applied to the workpiece to create an object which has Wikipedia. Lathe, machine tool that performs turning operations in which unwanted material is removed from a workpiece rotated against a cutting tool. The lathe is one of the oldest and most important machine tools. Wood lathes were in use in France as early as During the Industrial Revolution in.  Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. See Article History. Lathe, machine tool that performs turning operations in which unwanted material is removed from a workpiece rotated against a cutting tool. lathe. Metal being cut on a lathe. English Turkish online dictionary Tureng, translate words and terms with different pronunciation options.  Meanings of "lathe tools" with other terms in English Turkish Dictionary: 1 result(s). Category.

Machining is a process in which a material often metal is cut into a desired final shape and size by a controlled material-removal process. The processes that have this common theme, controlled material removal, are today collectively known as subtractive manufacturing[1] in distinction from processes of controlled material addition, which are known as additive manufacturing.

Exactly what the "controlled" part of the definition implies lathe tools wikipedia english vary, but it almost always implies the use of machine tools in addition to just power tools and hand tools.

Machining is a part of the manufacture of many metal products, but it can also be used on materials such lathe tools wikipedia english woodplasticceramicand composites. A room, building, or company where machining is done is called a machine shop.

Much of modern-day machining is carried out by computer numerical control CNCin which computers are used to control the movement and operation of lathe tools wikipedia english mills, lathes, and other cutting machines.

This increases efficiency, as the CNC machine runs unmanned therefore reducing labour costs for machine shops. The precise meaning of the term machining has evolved over the past one and a half centuries as technology has advanced. In the 18th century, the word machinist simply meant a person who built or repaired machines. This person's work was done mostly by hand, using processes such as the carving of wood and the hand- forging and hand- filing of metal.

At the time, millwrights and builders of new kinds of engines meaning, more or less, machines of any kindsuch as James Watt or John Wilkinsonwould fit the definition. The noun machine tool and the verb to machine machined, machining did not yet exist. Around the middle of the 19th century, the latter lathe tools wikipedia english were coined as the concepts that they described evolved into widespread existence.

Therefore, lathe tools wikipedia english the Machine Agemachining referred to what we today might call the "traditional" machining processes, lathe tools wikipedia english as turningboringdrillingmillingbroachingsawingshapingplaningreamingand lathe tools wikipedia english. Since the advent of new Advanced Lathe Tools Llc Version technologies in the post—World War II era, such as electrical discharge machiningelectrochemical machiningelectron beam machiningphotochemical machiningand ultrasonic machiningthe retronym "conventional machining" can be used to differentiate those classic technologies from the newer ones.

In current usage, the term "machining" without qualification usually implies the traditional machining processes. In the decades of the s and s, as additive manufacturing AM evolved beyond its earlier laboratory and rapid prototyping contexts and began to become common throughout all phases of manufacturing, the term subtractive manufacturing became common retronymously in logical contrast with AM, covering essentially any removal processes also previously covered by the term machining.

The two terms are effectively synonymousalthough the long-established usage of the term machining continues. This is comparable to the idea that the verb sense of contact evolved because of the proliferation of ways to contact someone telephone, email, IM, SMS, and so on but did not entirely replace the earlier terms such as calltalk toor write to. The three principal machining processes are classified as lathe tools wikipedia englishdrilling and milling.

Other operations falling into miscellaneous categories include shaping, planing, boring, broaching and sawing. An unfinished workpiece requiring machining will need to have some material cut away to create a finished product. A finished product would be a workpiece that meets the specifications set out for that workpiece by engineering drawings or blueprints. For example, a workpiece may be required to have a specific outside diameter.

A lathe is a machine tool that can be used to create lathe tools wikipedia english diameter by lathe tools wikipedia english a metal workpiece, so that a cutting tool can cut metal away, creating a smooth, round surface matching the required diameter and surface finish. A drill can be used to remove metal in the shape of a cylindrical hole. Other tools that may be used for various types of metal removal are milling machines, saws, and grinding machines.

Many of these same techniques are used in woodworking. More recent, advanced machining techniques include precision CNC machining, electrical discharge machining EDMlathe tools wikipedia english erosion, laser cuttingor water jet cutting to shape metal workpieces. As a commercial venture, machining is generally performed in a machine shopwhich consists of one or more workrooms containing major machine tools.

Although a machine lathe tools wikipedia english can be a stand-alone operation, many businesses maintain internal machine shops which support specialized needs of the business. Machining requires attention to many details for a workpiece to meet the specifications set out in the engineering drawings or blueprints.

Beside the obvious problems related to correct dimensions, there is the problem of achieving the correct finish or surface lathe tools wikipedia english on the workpiece. The inferior finish found on the machined surface of a workpiece may be caused by incorrect clampinga lathe tools wikipedia english tool, or inappropriate presentation of a tool.

Frequently, this poor surface finish, known as chatter, is evident lathe tools wikipedia english an undulating or irregular finish, and the appearance lathe tools wikipedia english waves on the machined surfaces lathe tools wikipedia english the workpiece. Machining is any process lathe tools wikipedia english which lathe tools wikipedia english cutting tool is used to remove small chips of material from the workpiece the workpiece is often called the "work".

To perform the operation, relative motion is required between the tool and the work. Lathe tools wikipedia english relative motion is achieved in most machining operation by means of a lathe tools wikipedia english motion, called "cutting speed" and a secondary motion called "feed".

There are many kinds of machining operations, each of which is capable of generating a certain part geometry and surface texture. In turninga cutting tool with a single cutting edge is used to remove material from a rotating workpiece to generate a cylindrical shape.

The primary motion is provided by rotating the workpiece, and the feed motion is achieved by moving the cutting tool slowly in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the workpiece. Drilling is used to create a round hole. It is accomplished by a rotating tool that typically has two or four helical cutting edges.

The tool is fed in a direction parallel to its axis of rotation into the workpiece to form the round hole. In boringa tool with a single bent pointed tip is advanced into a roughly made hole in a spinning workpiece to slightly enlarge the hole and improve its accuracy.

It is a fine finishing operation used in the final stages of product manufacture. Reaming is one of the sizing operations that removes a small amount of metal from a hole already drilled.

In millinga rotating tool with multiple cutting edges is moved slowly relative to the material to generate a plane or straight surface. The direction of the feed motion is perpendicular to the tool's axis of rotation. The speed motion is provided by the rotating milling cutter. The two basic forms of milling are:.

Other conventional machining operations include shaping, planing, broaching and sawing. Also, grinding and similar abrasive operations are often included within the category of machining. A cutting tool has one or more sharp cutting edges and is made of a material that is harder than the work material.

The cutting edge serves to separate chip from the parent work material. Connected to the cutting edge are the two surfaces of the tool:. It is measured relative to the plane perpendicular to the work surface. The rake angle can be positive or negative. The flank of the tool provides a lathe tools wikipedia english between the tool and the newly formed work surface, thus protecting the lathe tools wikipedia english from abrasion, which would degrade the finish.

This angle between the work surface and the flank surface is called the relief angle. There are two basic types of cutting tools:. A single point tool has one cutting edge and is used for turning, boring and planing. During machining, the point of the tool penetrates below the original work surface of the workpart.

Lathe tools wikipedia english point is sometimes rounded to a certain radius, called the nose radius. Multiple-cutting-edge tools have more than one cutting edge and usually achieve their motion relative to the workpart by rotating. Drilling and milling use rotating multiple-cutting-edge tools.

Although the shapes of these tools are different from a single-point tool, many elements of tool geometry are similar. Relative motion is required between the tool and work to perform a machining operation.

The primary motion is accomplished at a certain cutting speed. In addition, the tool must be moved laterally across the work. This is a much slower motion, called the feed. The remaining dimension of the cut is the penetration of the cutting tool below the original work surface, called the depth of cut. Collectively, speed, feed, and depth of cut are called the cutting conditions. Machining operations usually divide into two categories, distinguished by purpose and cutting conditions :. Roughing cuts are used to remove large amount of material from the starting workpart as rapidly as possible, i.

Finishing cuts are used to complete the part and achieve the final dimension, tolerancesand surface finish. In production machining jobs, one or more roughing cuts are usually performed on the work, followed by one or two lathe tools wikipedia english cuts. Roughing operations are done at high feeds and depths — feeds of 0. Finishing operations are carried out lathe tools wikipedia english low feeds and depths — feeds of 0. A cutting fluid is often applied to the machining operation to cool and lubricate the cutting tool.

Determining whether a cutting fluid should be used, and, if so, choosing the proper cutting fluid, is usually included within the scope of cutting condition. Today other forms of metal cutting are becoming increasingly popular. An example of this is water jet cutting. Water jet cutting involves pressurized water in excess of MPa 90 psi and is able to cut metal and have a finished product. This process is called cold cutting, which eliminates the damage caused by a heat affected zone, as opposed to laser and plasma cutting.

With the recent proliferation of additive manufacturing technologies, conventional machining has been retronymously classified, in thought and language, as a subtractive manufacturing method. In narrow contexts, additive and subtractive methods may compete with each other. In the broad context of entire industries, their lathe tools wikipedia english is complementary. Each method has its own advantages over the other.

While additive manufacturing methods can produce very intricate prototype designs impossible to replicate by machining, strength and material selection may be limited. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Material-removal process; Manufacturing process. Main article: Cutting tool machining.

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Tools using inserts include milling cutters (endmills, fly cutters), tool bits, and saw blades. Holder Tool setup. The detailed instruction how to combine the tool assembly out of basic holder, tool and insert can be stored in a tool management solution. Cutting edge. The cutting edge of a cutting tool is a very important for the performance of Estimated Reading Time: 3 mins. A tool bit is a non-rotary cutting tool used in metal lathes, shapers, and planers. Such cutters are also often referred to by the set-phrase name of single-point cutting tool, as distinguished from other cutting tools such as a saw or water jet www.- ted Reading Time: 9 mins. Machining is a part of the manufacture of many metal products, but it can also be used on materials such as wood, plastic, ceramic, and composites. A person who specializes in machining is called a machinist.A room, building, or company where machining is done is called a machine www.- of modern-day machining is carried out by computer numerical control (CNC), in which computers are used.

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