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Mensaje del presidente Donald J. Did you like this? Share it! The Malay earthen is usually unglazed, with the ornamental designs were carved when the pottery is semi-dried during its construction process. According to several studies, [] the native Malay pottery industry has developed indigenously from the period of great antiquity and has since encapsulates a high-level of culture sophistication.

It also has been noted that the design features of the Malay pottery suggested the absence of the foreign influence prior to the 19th century, a paradox considering the vast cultural contact between the Malays and the outside world. Among the renowned traditional Malay pottery includes Mambong of Kelantan , molded from clay and identified with the colour of terracotta. It is usually assumed the form as cooking utensils.

In the west coast, the raven-coloured Labu Sayung of Kuala Kangsar is honourned for gourd-formed jars. Other forms of Malay traditional pottery are: The Belanga , commonly in a wide rim and a round base, the pot usually mobilised to cook curries.

It is held that the structure of the earthen would aid the heat to be evenly distributed, correlating to its round base. A smaller version of the Belanga is called periok , used for rice -preparation; The Buyong , commonly defined by a straight collar and a spherical body, oftentime used as a water jar; The Terenang , the angular Terenang is used as a canister, especially in the coastal Malay regions of Kelantan , Patani and Terengganu ; The Bekas Bara , a small container, usually crafted for the use of incense ; The Jambangan , a traditional Malay vase , usually for aesthetic purposes and Geluk , a small water storage.

The main characteristic in traditional Malay cuisine is undoubtedly the generous use of spices. The coconut milk is also important in giving the Malay dishes their rich, creamy character.

The other foundation is belacan shrimp paste , which is used as a base for sambal , a rich sauce or condiment made from belacan, chillies , onions and garlic. Malay cooking also makes plentiful use of lemongrass and galangal. Nearly every Malay meal is served with rice, the staple food in many other East Asian cultures. Although there are various type of dishes in a Malay meal, all are served at once, not in courses.

Food is eaten delicately with the fingers of right hand, never with the left which is used for personal ablutions, and Malays rarely use utensils. Protein intake are mostly taken from beef, water buffalo, goat, and lamb meat, and also includes poultry and fishes.

Pork and any non-halal meats, also alcohol is prohibited and absent from Malay daily diet. Nasi lemak , rice cooked in rich coconut milk probably is the most popular dish ubiquitous in Malay town and villages.

Nasi lemak is considered as Malaysia 's national dish. Another example is Ketupat or nasi himpit , glutinous compressed rice cooked in palm leaves, is popular especially during Idul Fitri or Hari Raya or Eid ul-Fitr. Various meats and vegetables could be made into Gulai or Kari , a type of curry dish with variations of spices mixtures that clearly display Indian influence already adopted by Malay people since ancient times. Laksa , a hybrid of Malay and Peranakan Chinese cuisine is also a popular dish.

Malay cuisine also adopted and received visible influence from some of their closest neighbours' cuisine Wood Carving Power Tools For Sale Malaysia traditions, such as rendang adopted from the Minangkabaus in Pagaruyung , and satay from Java, however Malay people has developed their own distinctive taste and recipes.

The Malays have diverse kinds of music and dance which are fusions of different cultural influences. Typical genres range from traditional Malay folk dances dramas like Mak Yong to the Arab-influenced Zapin dances. Choreographed movements also vary from simple steps and tunes in Dikir barat to the complicated moves in Joget Gamelan. Traditional Malay music is basically percussive. Various kinds of gongs provide the beat for many dances.

There are also drums of various sizes, ranging from the large rebana ubi used to punctuate important events to the small jingled-rebana frame drum used as an accompaniment to vocal recitations in religious ceremonies. Nobat music became part of the Royal Regalia of Malay courts since the arrival of Islam in the 12th century and only performed in important court ceremonies. Its orchestra includes the sacred and highly revered instruments of nehara kettledrums , gendang double-headed drums , nafiri trumpet , serunai oboe , and sometimes a knobbed gong and a pair of cymbals.

The traditional Malay apparel and textile has been continuously morphed since the time of antiquity. Historically, the ancient Malays were chronicled to incorporate various natural materials as a vital source for fabrics, clothing and attire.

The common era however, witnessing the early arrivals the merchants from east and west to the harbours of Malay archipelago, together they bought new luxurious items, including fine cotton and silks. The garments subsequently become a source of high Malay fashion and acquired a cultural role as the binding identity in the archipelago, especially in the Peninsula, Sumatra and the coastal areas of Borneo.

In Malay culture, clothes and textiles are revered as symbols of beauty, power and status. Numerous accounts in Malay hikayats stressed the special place occupied by textiles. Mention of locally made textiles as well as the predominance of weaving in Malay peninsular was made in various Chinese and Arab accounts.

Classical Malay dress varies between different regions, but the most profound traditional dress in modern-day are Baju Kurung for women and Baju Melayu for men , which both recognised as the national dress for Malaysia and Brunei, and also worn by Malay communities in Indonesia, Singapore, Myanmar and Thailand.

The word Baju Kurung , literary defined as "encase the body" of the wearer is tailored based on the Islamic principles of modesty, decency and humility. The practice is parallel to the Judaeo-Christian religious doctrine, as flaunting the intimate body parts is considered as forbidden in Islam.

The interpretation was then absorbed to the Malay way of dressing and cultural perspective, this can be strongly witnessed upon the rule of Mansur Shah of Malacca in the 15th century, the sultan prohibited his female Muslim subjects in the public from wearing only a sarong from the bust downwards.

Throughout the ages, The Malay Baju Kurung went into several reincarnation before assuming its current form. Due to the vastness of various Malay kingdoms in the archipelago , local and distinct forms of the Baju Kurung design patterns can also be witnessed in the region, including Bengkulu, Kedah, Jambi, Johor-Riau, Pahang and Palembang. The corresponding mode of Baju Kurung for men is known as "Baju Melayu".

The upper part of the garment was made with the geometrical design almost similar with Baju Kurung and commonly paired with woven cloth known as the sarong. The pattern of the sarong may possessed a symbol of the person's marital status or the rank in the classical Malay society.

Other common classical Malay attire for men consists of a baju shirt or tekua a type of a long sleeve shirt , baju rompi vest , kancing button , a small leg celana trousers , a sarong worn around the waist, capal sandal , and a tanjak or tengkolok headgear ; for the aristocrats, the baju sikap or baju layang a type of coat and pending ornamental belt buckle are also synonymous to be worn as a formal attire.

It was also common for a pendekar Malay warrior to have a Kris tucked into the front fold of sarong. In contrast to Baju Melayu which continued to be worn as ceremonial dress only, Baju Kurung is worn daily throughout the year by a majority of Malay women. Sighting of female civil servants, professional workers and students wearing Baju Kurung is common in Malaysia and Brunei.

The rise of Islam managed to redefine the Malay identity by the 15th century. Thus, resulting most of the Malay festivals and celebrations to run parallel with the Islamic calendar , albeit deeply ingrained with a strong sense of Malay character.

The biannual Hari Raya lit "the Great Day" observance of Aildifitri and Aidiladha are hailed as the grand celebrations universally across the Malay community.

The two holidays are instrumental to commentate two major events and philosophy in the Islamic teaching and beliefs. The former signifies the triumph as a Muslim after a month of fasting and patience in Ramadan , while the latter is to observe the sacrifice made by Ibrahim Abraham under the name of Allah.

The Raya holidays usually commenced during the homecoming event known as Balik Kampung or Balik Raya which occurred a few days before the festival. During the Hari Raya, the Malays would celebrated by performing the Eid prayers , holding a grand feast and visiting friends, relatives and neighbours.

A visit to the grave of the departed loved ones is also essential, as a sign of respect, love and honour. Other major liturgical and religious ceremonies celebrated by the Malays include Ramadhan , a month-long holy month devoted by daytime fasting and various religious activities; Maulidur Rasul , a special grand procession to honour the birth of Prophet Muhammad ; Ashura , remembrance of Muharram where the Malays would solemnly prepared a special dish, known as Bubur Ashura ; Nisfu Syaaban , the Mid- Sha'ban observance, a special day of fasting for forgiveness; Nuzul Quran , the first revelation of the Quran ; Israk dan Mikraj , the ascension Prophet Muhammed to the heavens and Awal Muharram , the Islamic New Year; the latter three celebrations are usually observed by holding a special sunat prayers, religious lectures and Islamic discussions in the mosque.

There are also a plethora of domestic regional cultural festivals and social events within different the Malay spheres. The coastal areas were historically known to observed the Mandi Safar or Puja Pantai ceremony, a purifying bath during the Islamic month of Safar , originally emulated from the ancient pre-Islamic Malay holy cleansing rituals; and Pesta Menuai , a harvest festival celebrated by the inland and agrarian Malay communities by traditional games, theatre, Joget and other repertoire of dance-play.

However, both of the practice is gradually extinct owing from various social and economic revolution engineered in the Malay community in the 20th century. Additionally, many Malays are also known to participate in the imperial celebrations to honour the royal courts of their respective kingdoms.

The Islamic features also strongly embroidered the Malay celebrations in the individual level, a juxtaposition bonded to the spiritual rite of passage as a Muslim. The Malays would usually organised kenduri , a religious ceremonial banquet to celebrate or to seek blessing for an event.

There are several philosophical variations of kenduri, raging from Doa Selamat asking for divine favour and protection , Kesyukuran for thanksgiving and gratitude , Melenggang Perut ceremonial massage for a mother who is pregnant with her first child , Aqiqah and Cukur Jambul newborn ceremony, for celebrating a new life , Bertindik the first piercing ceremony for a female child , Khatam a graduation ceremony, after a child's first full-reading of the Quran , Khatan circumcision , Kahwin wedding , Arwah or Tahlil prayers for a deceased person , among few.

The event is usually organised by the family and was traditionally aided by the community in a social gathering known as Rewang or Gotong-royong. During this ceremony, the whole family would be assisted by their neighbours and relatives, delegating various tasks raging from food preparations, venue management, logistic assembly and other technical control.

Silat and its variants can be found throughout the Malay world: the Malay peninsula including Singapore , the Riau Islands , Sumatra and coastal areas of Borneo. Archaeological evidence reveals that, by the 6th century, formalised combat arts were being practised in the Malay peninsular and Sumatra.

The influence of the Malay sultanates of Malacca, Johor , Pattani and Brunei has contributed to the spread of this martial art in the Malay Archipelago.

Through a complex maze of sea channels and river capillaries that facilitated exchange and trade throughout the region, Silat wound its way into the dense rainforest and up into the mountains.

The legendary Laksamana Hang Tuah of Malacca is one of the most renowned pesilat Silat practitioners in history [] and even considered by some as the father of Malay silat. Apart from Silat, Tomoi is also practised by Malays, mainly in the northern region of the Malay peninsula. It is a variant of Indo-Chinese forms of kickboxing which is believed to have been spread in the Southeast Asian mainland since the time of Funan Empire 68 AD.

In the Malay society, classical metalworks assumed a role more than a mere instrumental tool. It serves as a testament of culture , cultivated by artistic appreciation and religious symbol, molded by a craftsman who possessed a talent to redefined the essence of nature in the most ornamental manner. The artform has indeed received a long existence in the Malay World , observations made by the Arabs on the courts of Srivijaya narrated that about the abundance of golds in the capital , till the extend that the bars have to be ceremonially thrown into the estuary in a daily basis.

On the Chinese accounts, the area was occasionally hailed as Jinzou , the gold coast. The zenith of Srivijaya also witnessed the arrivals of silver bought by the foreign merchants, which then spread to the members of Malay aristocracy. Upon the turn of the 17th century, gold, silver, iron and brass have all been perfectly molded to become part and parcel to the Malay society.

The era witnessed the works of metal received a critical royal patronage. A multitude of Malay metalworks manifested as evidence of this era, raging from a peculiar Malay dagger known as Keris made of iron, down to the elaborate fine jewellery made from the splendor of gold and silver.

For the Malay nobles during this period, the works of pending ornamental Belt buckle embellished with precious stones , keronsang brooch and cucuk sanggul hairpins were staged to become among the most sought item of fashion. The era also hosted a number of other prominent items in the Malay regalia cast in gold, including ceremonial box, Tepak sirih Betel container and parts of Keris.

In the contemporary era, the Malay gold jewels are mainly found in the form of anklets, bracelets, rings, necklaces, pendants and earrings. For the Malay silverware, the works of silver are fairly known for its sophisticated and fine designs. It is usually crafted in the form of repousse, filigree and neillowork. Among the common traditional Malay items usually made of silver includes pillow ends, belt buckles, matt corners, stoppers for water vessels, Keris sheaths and tobacco boxes.

The Awan Larat cloud patterns and Kerawang Vegetal motives are among the popular designs for Malay decorative silver pillow ends and tobacco boxes. The usage of brassware transcends a plethora of classical Malay social classes, being used by the members of nobility and commoners alike.

The popularity of brassware is heavily contributed due to its durability, quality and affordability to all. The brassware can be narrowed into two distinctions, yellow brass for functional items and white for decorative purposes. It is often meticulously hammered and craved with various decorative designs in religious and floral motives.

The usage of brass however, is best known for Tepak Sireh , a ceremonial tray for betel quid and for constructing certain musical instruments such as Gongs for the classical Malay Gamelan orchestra.

Additionally, other prominent traditional Malay items made from metal includes flower vases, perfume sprinkles, serving trays, cooking pots, kettle and incense burners. The Keris is one of the most revered items of Malay weaponry.

Originally developed by the Javanese down south, the armament gradually assumed a Malay identity after entering the Srivijayan court, giving rise to characteristics distinct from its Javanese Keris forebears. During the classical era, a Malay man was not seen without a Keris outside of his house. The absence of a Keris on a man was frowned upon, perceived as if he Wood Carving Kits For Sale Malaysia were parading naked to the public.

Traditionally, a man of Malay extraction would own three types of Keris: Keris Pusaka the Dynasty Keris, inherited from one generation to another , Keris Pangkat the Status Keris, awarded in right of his position in Malay society and Keris Perjuangan Dirinya the Struggle Keris, literally defined as his personal Keris.

There are many strict rules, regulations and taboos to be adhered to in owning a Keris. Special rituals were to be conducted to nurture, preserve and guard the "soul" of the weapon. The Malays and Javanese are abided by contrasting philosophical values pertaining to Keris-wearing. Traditionally, a Malay would embedded his Keris from the front, an honour that the weapon is more paramount compared to the wearer and a constant reminder that one is always equipped to combat the nemesis.

The Javanese however, adhered to the principle that he should be more cautious and the Keris may solely be exercised during the time of need, thus cladding their Keris from behind. The Javanese also believed that by mobilising their weapon that position, it would confused the enemy. Paradoxically, both groups shared a similar ideology addressing the hilt of the Keris.

If the hilt faced up front, it serves as a testament that the man is prepared for a fight. Nevertheless, if the hilt is turned behind, it is an oath that the person is embracing for a reconciliation.

There are also a plethora of other forms of weaponry in the Malay arsenal, all were nevertheless equally revered in a correlating manner as the Keris. The Malays would classified the traditional weapons under 7 different structures: Tuju "Direct", the large and heavy artillery, including the Malay cannons of Meriam , Ekor Lontong , Lela and Rentaka , Bidik " Gun ", a weapon with metal tube propelled by an ammunition , with the Malay forms of Terakor and Istingar , Setubuh "A body", weapon in the similar dimension of a human body , referred to the Malay spears of Tongkat Panjang and Lembing , Selengan "An arm", a large saber from the length of the shoulders to the tips of the fingers, constituting the Malay saber of Pedang and Sundang , Setangan "A hand", a sword with the diameter measured from the elbow to the 3 fingers, including Badik Panjang and Tekpi , Sepegang "A hold", smaller than the Setangan , a dagger with Keris and Badik in the category and Segenggam "A grab", the smallest in the category, the hand-sized blade , including Lawi Ayam , Kerambit , Kuku Macan and Kapak Binjai.

Additionally, the Malays also would deploy Zirah , a type of Baju Besi armour and Perisai shield as defense mechanisms during the armed conflict. Traditional Malay games usually require craft skills and manual dexterity and can be traced their origins since the days of Malacca Sultanate.

Sepak Raga and kite flying are among traditional games that were mentioned in the Malay Annals being played by nobilities and royalties of the Malay sultanate. Sepak Raga is one of the most popular Malay games and has been played for centuries. Traditionally, Sepak raga was played in circle by kicking and keeps aloft the rattan ball using any part of the body except the arms and hands.

It is now recognised as Malaysia 's national sport [] [] and played in the international sporting events such as Asian Games and Southeast Asian Games. Other popular game is Gasing spinning which usually played after the harvest season. A great skill of craftsmanship is required to produce the most competitive Gasing top , some of which spin for two hours at a time. Possibly the most popular Malay games is the Wau a unique kind of kite from east coast of Malay peninsular or kite flying.

Wau-flying Wood Carving Machine For Sale Philippines Yahoo competitions take place with judges awarding points for craftsmanship Wau are beautiful, colourful objects set on bamboo frames , sound all Malay kites are designed to create a specific sound as they are buffeted about in the wind and altitude. The Malays also have a variant of Mancala board game known as Congkak. The game is played by moving stones, marbles, beads or shells around a wooden board consisting of twelve or more holes.

Mancala is acknowledged as the oldest game in the world and can be traced its origin since Ancient Egypt. As the game dispersed around the globe, every culture has invented its own variation including the Malays. Malay personal names are complex, reflecting the hierarchical nature of the society, and titles are considered important. It has undergone tremendous change, evolving with the times to reflect the different influences that the Malays been subjected over the ages.

Although some Malay names still retain parts of its indigenous Malay and Sanskrit influences, as Muslims, Malays have long favoured Arabic names as marks of their religion. Malay names are patronymic and can be consisted of up to four parts; a title, a given name, the family name, and a description of the individual's male parentage. Some given names and father's names can be composed of double names and even triple names, therefore generating a longer name.

For example, one of the Malaysian national footballer has the full name Mohd Zaquan Adha Abdul Radzak , where 'Mohd Zaquan Adha' is his triple given name and 'Abdul Radzak' is his father's double given name.

In addition to naming system, the Malay language also has an elaborate system of titles and honorifics , which are still extensively used in Malaysia and Brunei. By applying these Malay titles to a normal Malay name, a more complex name is produced. The former Prime Minister of Malaysia has the full name Dato' Seri Mohd Najib bin Tun Haji Abdul Razak , where 'Dato' Seri' is a Malay title of honour, 'Mohd Najib' is his personal name, 'bin' is derived from an Arabic word Ibnu meaning "son of" if in case of daughter it is replaced with binti, an Arabic word "bintun" meaning "daughter of", introduces his father's titles and names, 'Tun' is a higher honour, 'Haji' denotes his father's Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca , and 'Abdul Razak' is his father's personal name.

The more extremely complex Malay names however, belong to the Malay royalties. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Ethnic group. This article may be too long to read and navigate comfortably. Please consider splitting content into sub-articles, condensing it, or adding subheadings. Please discuss this issue on the article's talk page. May This article is about the ethnic group. For the race concept, see Malay race.

For Wood Carving Machine For Sale Philippines University other uses, see Malay disambiguation. Not to be confused with Malaysians or Malayali. A Malay couple in traditional attire after their akad nikah marriage solemnisation ceremony.

The groom is wearing a baju melayu paired with songkok and songket , while the bride wears baju kurung with a tudong. Further information: History of Austronesian peoples , Homeland of Austronesian languages. Further information: Greater India.

Main articles: Malay nationalism and Malay supremacy. Main articles: Malay language and Malay dialects. See also: Jawi alphabet. Main articles: Malay literature and Malay folklore. See also: Malay Islamic identity. See also: Rumah Melayu. Main article: Malay cuisine. Main articles: Baju Melayu and Baju Kurung. Main articles: Silat and Silat Melayu. See also: Taming Sari. See also: Bedil term.

Main articles: Malay names and Malay styles and titles. This list is incomplete ; you can help by adding missing items with reliable sources. Indonesia portal Malaysia portal Singapore portal Thailand portal Society portal. Indonesian Information Portal. Retrieved 29 December World Population Review. CIA World Factbook. Retrieved 28 February Joshua Project.

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