Art History: A Brief History Of Sculpture | Beginner's School

Wood carving is a sculptture of woodworking by means of a cutting tool knife in one hand or a chisel by two hands or with one hand on a chisel and one hand on a mallet, resulting in a wooden figure or figurineor in the sculptural ornamentation of a wooden object. The phrase may also refer to the finished product, from individual sculptures to hand-worked mouldings composing part of a tracery.

The making of sculpture in wood has been extremely widely practisedbut doesn't survive undamaged as well as the other main materials like stone and bronzeas it is vulnerable to decay, insect damage, and fire. It therefore forms an important hidden element in the art history of many cultures. Many of the most important sculptures of China and Japan, in particular, are in wood, and so are the great majority of African sculpture and that of Oceania and other regions.

Wood is light and can take very fine detail so it is highly suitable sculpfure masks and other sculpture intended to be worn wood carving sculpture ideas examples carried.

It is also much easier to work on than stone. Some of the finest extant examples of early European wood carving are from the Middle Ages in GermanyRussiaItaly and Wood carving sculpture ideas exampleswhere the typical themes of that era were Christian iconography. Idfas England, many complete examples remain from the 16th and 17th century, where oak was the preferred medium.

A special screw for fixing work to the workbenchand a malletcomplete the carvers kit, though other tools, both specialized and adapted, are often used, such as a router for bringing grounds to a uniform level, bent gouges and bent chisels for cutting hollows too deep for the ordinary tool.

The nature of the wood being carved limits the carvjng of the carver in that wood is not equally strong in all directions: it is an anisotropic material. The direction in which wood is strongest is called " grain " grain may be straight, interlocked, wavy or fiddleback, etc. It is smart to arrange the more delicate parts of wood carving sculpture ideas examples design along the grain instead of across it.

Carving blanks are also sometimes assembled, as with carousel horses, out of many smaller sdulpture, and in this way, one can orient different areas of a carving in the most logical way, both for the carving process and for durability. Less commonly, this same principle is used in solid pieces of wood, where the fork of two branches is utilized for its divergent grain, or a branch off of a larger log is carved into a beak this was aood technique employed for traditional Welsh shepherd's crooks, and some Native American adze handles.

The failure to appreciate these primary rules may constantly be seen in woid work, when it will be noticed that, whereas tendrils, tips of birds beaks, etc. Probably the two most common woods used for carving [4] in North America are basswood aka tilia or lime and tupelo ; both are hardwoods that are relatively easy to work with.

Chestnutbutternut, oak, American walnutmahogany and teak are also very good woods; while for fine work Italian walnut, sycamore mapleapplepearbox or plumare usually chosen. A wood carver begins a new carving by selecting a chunk of wood the approximate size and shape of the figure carvig or she wishes to create or if the carving is to be large, several pieces of wood may be laminated together to create the required size.

The type of wood is important. Hardwoods are more difficult to shape but have greater luster and longevity. Softer woods may be easier to carve but are more prone to damage.

Wood carving sculpture ideas examples wood can be carved but they all have different qualities wod characteristics. The choice will depend on the requirements of carving being done: wood carving sculpture ideas examples example, a detailed figure would need a wood with a fine grain and very little figure as a strong figure can interfere with 'reading' fine detail.

Once the sculptor has selected their wood, he or she begins a general shaping process using gouges of various sculptyre. The gouge is a curved blade that can remove large portions of wood smoothly. For harder woods, the sculptor may use gouges sharpened idaes stronger bevels, about 35 degrees, and a mallet similar to a stone carver's.

The terms gouge and chisel are open to confusion. Correctly, a gouge is a wood carving sculpture ideas examples with a curved cross-section and a chisel is a tool with a flat cross-section. However, wood carving sculpture ideas examples carvers tend to refer to them all as 'chisels'.

Smaller sculptures may require the woodcarver to use a knife, and larger pieces might require the use of a saw. No matter what wood is selected or tool used, the wood sculptor must always carve either across or with the grain of the wood, never against the grain.

Once the general shape is made, the carver may use a variety of tools for creating details. Once the finer details have been added, the woodcarver finishes the surface.

The method chosen depends on the required quality of the surface finish. The texture left by shallow gouges gives 'life' to the carving's surface and many carvers prefer this 'tooled' finish. Caeving finer polishing is done with abrasive paper. Wood carving sculpture ideas examples grained paper with a rougher surface is used first, with the sculptor then using finer grained paper that can make the surface of the sculpture slick to the touch.

Oil also imparts a sheen to the wood which, by reflecting light, helps the observer 'read' the form. Carvers seldom use gloss varnish as it creates too shiny a surface, which reflects so much light it can confuse the form; carvers refer to this as 'the toffee apple effect'.

Objects made of wood are frequently finished sculpturw a layer of wax, which protects the wood and gives a soft lustrous sheen. A wax finish e. The making of decoys and fish carving are two of the artistic traditions that use wood carvings. A wooden Bodhisattva from the Song Dynasty — Wooden portrait of Minamoto no Yoritomoth century.

Balinese wood carving from Indonesia, depicting Vishnu mounting Garuda. Tilman Riemenschneider 's Saint Barbara from Germany. Carved gallant genre scene with figurines from Val Gardena18th century.

The eponymous carving on the Urnes stave church is an example of the Urnes style, Norway. Old choir stalls. National Sculpture Museum in Valladolid. Wooden Female Figure from the Hunt Museum collection. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Form of working wood by means of a cutting wood carving sculpture ideas examples. Yombe -sculpture, 19th century. Visual arts portal. In Chisholm, Hugh ed.

Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 30 January Woodcraft Guild, June Accessed Langevin Forest. Decorative arts and handicrafts. History Glossary Wood lumber.

Frame and panel Frameless construction. Category WikiProject Commons. Categories : Woodcarving Woodworking. Namespaces Article Talk. Views Read Edit View history. Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file. Download as PDF Printable version. Wikimedia Commons. The curvature of the cutting edge of a carving gouge.

A lower number like 3 indicates a shallow, flat sweep while a high number like 9 is used for a deeply curved gouge. A whittling knife having a strong, blade slightly shorter than wood carving sculpture ideas examples handle around 5 inchessuitable for marking or carving.

A carving tool wood carving sculpture ideas examples a straight cutting edge usually termed 1 sweep at right angles or square too the sides of the blade. A chisel with the edge at a "skew" or angle relative the sides of the blade.

Often termed 2 sweep in the Sheffield list or 1s in continental lists. A carving tool with a V-shaped cutting carvibg. Referred to as 'the carvers pencil' by old-time sculptuge carvers. Parting tool. A gouge, chisel or V tool where the blade is curved along its entire length. Handy for deep work. A gouge, chisel or V tool where the blade is straight with a curve at the end, like a spoon.

Use for work in deep or inaccessible areas. Spoon gouges were often referred to as 'tracery tools' which indicates their use in the type of decorative carving found in churches. A gouge or chisel with a straight, narrow shank that flares out at the end to form a "fishtail" shaped tool. The narrow shaft of the tool allows for clearance in tight areas. Palm tools. Short 5"stubby tools used with one hand while the work is held in the other.

Great for detail and small carving. A flared section of the blade near the tang that keeps the blade from being driven further into the handle. A metal collar on the handle that keeps the wood from splitting when the tool is used with a mallet.

Some tools have an external, visible ferrule while others have an internal ferrule. Some old, small detail tools have neither bolster nor ferrule as their light use makes them unnecessary. A scale that indicates the hardness of steel. A Rockwell range of 58 to 61 is considered optimum for fine woodworking edge tools. Wikimedia Commons has wood carving sculpture ideas examples related to Wood carving.

Supreme examples of marble sculpture are Venus de Milo (c BCE) Wood Sculpture. Wood carving is the oldest and most continuous type of sculpture. as today's tendency among contemporary art movements is to distrust the grand ideas and internationalism of the modern art movements of the late 19th century and early-mid 20th century. CNC Wood Carving Machine for Wood Furnitures, Tables, Chairs, Doors. STMD-R1. $ - $ CNC wood carving machine with disc ATC system and 4th rotary axis is used for carving and cutting wood furnitures, cabinets, tables, chairs, doors, windows. Now the CNC wood carving machine for sale at affordable price, free service and support. Apr 29,  · An A Level Sculpture project by Robert James Hawkins from Tiffin Boys’ School, Surrey, England. Photographic evidence of first-hand research, quick confident gestural drawings showing a response to this environment, and scrawled annotation developing ideas for a sculpture titled ‘Stone Egg’ (first sketchbook page).

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