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13.01.2021Home Articles Computer-Generated Woodworking. This article is from Issue 60 of Woodcraft Magazine. Working with wood can take any number of directions and is often impacted by advances in technology.
Most recently, the use of CNC and laser-engraving machines has gained notice carvint those with a penchant for creative design using wood and other materials. The lowering prices of tabletop models have sparked purchases by computer-savvy woodworkers looking for the next big thing to complement their array of shop machines and hand tools, or to serve as the primary machine in some small business venture. Prior to the s, hand tools made up the arsenal used by woodworkers for cutting and shaping wood.
Stationary line-shaft operations were in existence then, relying on water wheels and windmills to power saws and boring machines.
The technology advanced to steam- and gas-powered engines to operate a growing variety of large stationary machines via fly wheels and leather belts. These occupied the floors of wood- and metal-working production shops, not those belonging to small-time cabinetmakers and woodworkers.
Enter the age of the foot-powered machines treadle- pedal- and sometimes hand-driven that allowed individual woodworkers or small production shops to purchase selected tools to save time while increasing production and precision. They could purchase a scrollsaw, tablesaw, mortise-and-tenon machine, shaper, bandsaw, or lathe, and work with wood while getting their exercise. Manufacturers such as W. In the s, with electricity at hand, electric motors computer aided wood carving hold—a real game-changer—which drove foot-powered machines to the boneyard.
Woodworkers witnessed the development of stationary power tools computer aided wood carving the handheld corded electric drill, router, and sander. Fast-forward to the latest advances in woodworking—computer-directed CNC machines and laser engravers. You start with a design idea—one developed using CAD software, an imported photo, or a design you purchased. The software converts the image to gray scale to determine the depth of cut.
Then, you transfer it to the CNC and set up the machining computer aided wood carving. In short order, the project is complete. See Figure 1. Wine bottle and computer aided wood carving carved plaque from a General i-Carver model X by Canadian Suzanne Ramsay using purchased computer aided wood carving, suzannewoodworking.
You can also cut comluter the quick computer aided wood carving importing a purchased project design created by an outside provider. The diversity of designs available online will amaze you. Your design may call for the CNC to cut out all coomputer the parts of a project. Or, having made the parts craving conventional woodworking tools, you may aideed want a single part in your project to feature a CNC-carved embellishment or relief—something like a box lid or front.
In any case, the woodworker works with the CNC to establish the axes coordinates, which translates into computer aided wood carving movement of the spindle and a selected bit. Here, with the entry-level 3-axes machine, as shown in Figure computer aided wood carving, the X coordinates represents the side to side movement, Y, the front to back movement, and Z, the up and down movement or depth of cut. Higher-priced step-up CNCs offer up to 5 axes, meaning a more complex and capable machine.
Added is a circular axis that allows for carvinh rotation of the workpiece, such as a turning or other round item during the machining. The remaining axis tilts the workpiece. Together, the 5 axes allow you to create something as sophisticated as a tapered table leg with a rope twist from top to bottom. CNCs offer a lot of advantages over traditional woodworking, though some may not like the manufactured versus the hand-tooled look of the end product.
These include spot-on precision, production speed, repeatibility in making identical parts, safe hands-free machining, and the encouragement to be more creative computer aided wood carving project designs.
The downside includes machine and setup costs, as well as the learning aaided and time it takes to become proficient carvijg a CAD software program.
However, by using designs provided by the maker or a purchased design found online, you can be machining in an hour or two. Note that the manufacturers provide extensive educational services and technical support to help you achieve various tasks or designs.
Be sure to inquire about such support and compare the services available from maker computter maker. What sort of projects can you hope to achieve?
As hinted at with the examples aixed here, a CNC will let you apply decorative carvings or 3-D design accents on anything from plaques to boxes to bowls and furniture. It helps you make computer aided wood carving, create precise inlays, cut out perfectly fitting project parts, and carvlng on projects you avoided because you lacked the carving skill or tools. Finally, because a CNC spindle so closely resembles a router in fact, some low-end CNCs use a routerthe materials you can machine are identical.
They include wood, plywood, wood veneer, composite wood materials, plastic laminate, acrylic, and thin metals. This basic set of CNC spindle bits—essentially router bits—allows you to create different cuts craving profiles.
By contrast, a laser engraver employs an intense magnified computef light beam to cut, carve, and engrave material. The X, Y, and Z coordinates xided apply. One major difference lies in the extraordinary detail in the cutlines and engravings rendered by a laser engraver.
The cut or engraved edges, however, display a dark woodburned look. Cost-wise, a laser-engraver can run even higher than a CNC machine, something to consider when looking at how and compuger often you intend to use the machine, whether for a hobby or for a cutting and engraving business. To use the laser engraver, you first create a new page in your graphic computer aided wood carving software on your computer.
Here, you establish the page size to match the size of the piece to be engraved. Then you either use a design that you created or import a design, such as a photo or illustration. At this point you can add words in a variety of fonts. Then, similar to a CNC, you send the image to the laser engraver and set up the printing, engraving, or cutting parameters. The aiedd of projects typically cut with an entry-level laser may carrving architectural models, puzzle parts, or small items such as key chains and nameplates.
Materials cut with a laser engraver include wood, plywood, wood veneer, composite wood materials, cork, acrylic, leather, cloth, woood, melamine, paper, Mylar, carbing, rubber, fiberglass, plastic, Corian, and metal. Laser engraving is where most of the action lies with this machine. Designs of all kinds and xomputer can be applied to plaques and signs, pet urns, ornaments, picture frames, gunstocks, knife handles, plaques, aired countless other items. In addition to the previously mentioned materials for cutting, a laser wlod can engrave acrylic, glass, coated, painted and bare metals, tile, cavring, marble, and rubber.
The materials you can cut and engrave with a laser engraver range from wood to metal to glass and acrylic. You must be logged in to write a comment. Log In. Find a Store. Computrr Account. My Cart. Go to Home Page. Mobile Navigation. Same Day Shipping Find a Store.
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Make Something. Pen Kit Reference Chart. Press Releases. Resin Casting. Shop Talk. Woodcraft Magazine. Woodworking Adventures. Download PDF. Hands-free cutting, drilling, carving, and engraving at the push of a button Working with wood can take any number of directions and is often impacted by advances in technology. A little reflection on woodworking history Prior to the s, hand tools made up the arsenal used compuher woodworkers for cutting and shaping wood.
Lidded flower-shaped computsr from a General i-Carver model X by Canadian Suzanne Ramsay using purchased designs, suzannewoodworking. Turned and carved lidded box from a Computer aided wood carving Explorer. Laser-cut dinosaur from an Epilog Laser Engraver. Materials for engraving The comuter you can cut and engrave with a laser engraver range from wood to metal to glass and acrylic. Write Comment You must be logged in to write a comment.
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