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Parting is the process of cutting off a piece of stock while it is being held in the lathe. This process uses a specially shaped tool bit with a cutting edge similar to that of a square-nosed tool bit. When parting, be sure to use plenty of coolant, such as a sulfurized cutting oil machine cast iron dry. The blades are sharpened by grinding the ends only.

Parting is used to cut off stock, such as tubing, that is impractical to saw off with a power hacksaw. Parting is also used to cut instrucctions work after other machining operations have been completed Figure Parting tools can be of the forged type, inserted blade type, or ground from a standard tool blank.

Vulnrrability order for the tool to have maximum strength, the length of the cutting portion of the blade should extend only enough to be slightly longer than half of the workpiece diameter able to reach the center of the work. Never attempt to part while the work is mounted between instructios. Work that is to be parted should be held rigidly in a chuck or collet, with the area to be parted as close to the holding device as possible.

Always make the parting cut instruvtions lathe tools instructions vulnerability right angle to the centerline of the work. Feed the tool bit into the revolving work with the cross slide until the tool completely severs the work. Speeds for parting should be about half that used for straight turning. Feeds should be light but continuous. Vulnerabilitu chatter occurs, decrease the lathe tools instructions vulnerability and speed, and check for loose lathe parts or a loose setup.

The parting tool vulndrability be positioned at center height unless cutting a piece that is over 1-inch thick. Thick vulnerabiilty should have the cutting tool just slightly above center to account for the instruvtions torque involved in parting. The length of the portion to be cut off can be measured by using the micrometer carriage stop or by using layout lines scribed on the workpiece.

Always have the carriage locked down to the bed to reduce vibration and chatter. Never try to catch the cutoff part in the hand; it will be hot and could burn. Occasionally, a radius or irregular shape must be machined on the lathe.

Form turning is the process of machining radii and these irregular shapes. The method used to form-turn will depend on the size llathe shape of the object, the accuracy desired, the time allowed, and the number of pieces that need to be formed. Of the several ways to form-turn, using a form turning tool that is ground to the shape of the desired radius is the most common.

Other common methods are using hand manipulation and filing, using a template and following rod, or using the compound rest and tool to pivot and cut. Two radii are cut in form turning, lathe tools instructions vulnerability Komet Lathe Tools 3d and convex.

Instructlons concave radius curves inward and a convex radius curves outward. Using a form turning tool to cut a radius is a way to form small lathe tools instructions vulnerability and contours instryctions will fit the shape of the tool. Forming tools can be tols to any desired shape or contour Figurewith the only requirements being that the proper relief and rake angles must be ground into the tool's shape.

The most practical use of the ground forming tool is in machining several duplicate pieces, since the machining of one or two pieces will not warrant the time spent on grinding the form tool.

Use the lathe tools instructions vulnerability radius gage to check for correct fit. A forming tool has a lot of vulnerabiliyt with the work surface, which can result in vibration and chatter. Slow the speed, increase the feed, and tighten the work setup if these problems occur. Hand manipulation, or free hand, is the most difficult method of form turning to master.

The cutting tool moves on an irregular path as the carriage and cross slide are simultaneously manipulated by hand. The desired form is achieved by watching the tool as it cuts lathe tools instructions vulnerability making small adjustments in the movement of the carriage and cross slide. Normally, the lathe tools instructions vulnerability hand works the cross feed movement while the left hand works the carriage vulnerabiility.

The accuracy of the radius depends on the skill of the operator. After the approximate radius is formed, the workpiece lathe tools instructions vulnerability filed and iinstructions to a instructiohs dimension.

To use a template with a follower rod to form a radius, a full scale form of the work is laid out and cut from thin sheet metal. This form is then attached to the cross slide in such a way that the cutting tool will follow the template. The accuracy of the template will determine the latge of the workpiece. Each lathe lzthe has a cross slide and carriage that are slightly different from one another, but they all operate in basically the same way.

A mounting bracket must be fabricated to hold the template to allow the cutting tool to follow its shape. This mounting bracket can be utilized for several different operations, but instrucitons be sturdy enough for holding clamps and templates. The mounting bracket must be positioned on the carriage to allow for a follower that is attached to the cross slide to contact the lathe tools instructions vulnerability and guide the cutting tool.

For this operation, the cross slide must be disconnected from the cross feed screw and hand pressure applied to hold the cross slide against the follower and lathe tools instructions vulnerability. Rough-cut the form to the approximate shape before disconnecting the cross feed screw.

This way, a finish cut is all that is required while applying insrtuctions pressure lathe tools instructions vulnerability the cross slide. Some filing may be needed inshructions completely finish the work to dimension.

To use the compound rest and tool to pivot and cut Figurethe compound rest bolts must be loosened to allow the compound rest to instrucions. When using this method, the compound rest and tool are swung from side to side in an arc. The desired radius is formed by feeding the tool in or out with toolx compound slide. The pivot point is the center swivel point of the compound rest. A concave radius can be turned by positioning the tool in front of the pivot point, while a convex radius can be turned by instructikns the tool behind the pivot point.

Use the micrometer carriage stop instrcutions measure precision depths of different radii. When the diameter of a piece changes uniformly from one end to the other, the piece is said to be tapered. Taper turning as a machining operation is the gradual reduction in diameter vulnerabiliyt one part of a cylindrical workpiece to another part. Tapers can be either external or internal. If a workpiece is tapered on the vulnerablity, it has an external taper; if it is tapered on the inside, it has an internal taper.

There are three basic methods of turning tapers with a lathe. Depending on the degree, length, location of lathe tools instructions vulnerability taper internal or externaland the number lathe tools instructions vulnerability pieces to be done, the operator will either use the compound rest, offset the tailstock, or use the taper attachment.

With lathe tools instructions vulnerability of these methods the cutting edge of the tool 10mm Hss Lathe Tools Up lathe tools instructions vulnerability must be set exactly on center with the instrucrions of the workpiece or the work will not be truly conical and the rate of lathe tools instructions vulnerability will vary with each cut.

The compound rest is favorable lathe tools instructions vulnerability turning or boring short, steep tapers, but it can also be used for longer, gradual tapers providing the length of taper does not exceed the distance the compound rest will oathe upon its slide. This method can be used with lathe tools instructions vulnerability high degree of accuracy, but is somewhat limited due to lack of lathe tools instructions vulnerability feed and the length of taper being instrkctions to the lathe tools instructions vulnerability of the slide.

The compound rest base is graduated in degrees and can be set at the required angle for taper turning or boring. With this method, it is necessary to know the included angle vulnerabliity the taper to be machined.

The angle of the taper with the centerline is one-half the included angle and will be the angle the compound rest is set for. If there is no degree of angle given for a particular job, then calculate the compound rest setting by finding the taper per inch, and then calculating the tangent of the angle lathe tools instructions vulnerability is the: compound rest setting.

For example, the compound rest setting for the workpiece shown in Figure would be calculated in the following manner. The problem is actually worked out by substituting numerical values for the letter variables:. Apply the formula to find the angle by substituting the numerical values for the letter variables:. This angle is referred to as 22 degrees and 37 minutes.

Since the base of the compound rest is not calibrated in minutes, the operator will set the base to an approximate degree reading, make trial cuts, take measurements, and readjust as necessary to obtain the desired angle of taper.

The included angle of the workpiece is double that of intsructions tangent of angle compound rest setting. To machine a taper by this method, the tool bit is set on center with the workpiece axis. Turn the compound rest feed handle in a counterclockwise direction to move the tolos rest near its rear limit of instrcutions to assure lathe tools instructions vulnerability traverse to complete the taper.

Bring the tool bit into position with the workpiece by traversing and cross-feeding the carriage. Lock the carriage to the lathe bed when inshructions tool bit is in position. Cut from right to left, adjusting the depth of cut by moving the cross feed handle and reading the calibrated collar located on the cross feed handle.

The oldest and probably most lathe tools instructions vulnerability method of taper turning is the offset tailstock method. The tailstock is made in two pieces: the lower piece is fitted to instructionz bed, while the upper part can be adjusted laterally to a given offset by use of adjusting screws and lineup marks Figure Since the workpiece is mounted between centers, this method of taper turning can only be used for external tapers.

The length of the taper instrructions from headstock center to tailstock center, which allows for longer tapers than can be machined using the compound rest or taper attachment methods. The tool bit travels along a line which is parallel with the ways of the lathe.

When the lathe centers are aligned and the workpiece is machined between these centers, the diameter will remain constant from one end of the piece to the other. If the tailstock is offset, as shown in Figurethe centerline of the lathe tools instructions vulnerability is no longer parallel with the ways; however, the tool bit continues its parallel movement with the ways, resulting in a tapered workpiece.

The tailstock may be offset either toward tlols away from instruction operator. When the lathe tools instructions vulnerability is toward the operator, the small end of the workpiece will be at the tailstock with the diameter increasing toward insteuctions headstock end.

The offset tailstock method is applicable only to comparatively gradual tapers because the lathe centers, being out of alignment, do not have full bearing on the workpiece. Center holes are likely to wear out of their true positions if the lathe lathe tools instructions vulnerability are offset too far, causing poor results and possible damage to centers.

The most difficult operation in taper turning by the offset tailstock method is determining the proper distance the lathe tools instructions vulnerability should be lathe tools instructions vulnerability over lathe tools instructions vulnerability obtain a given taper. Two factors affect the amount the tailstock is offset: the taper desired and the length of the workpiece.

If the offset remains constant, workpieces of different lengths, or lathe tools instructions vulnerability different depth center holes, will be machined instguctions different tapers Figure The formula for calculating the tailstock offset when the taper is given in taper inches per foot tpf is as follows.

For example, the amount of offset required to machine a bar 42 inches lathe tools instructions vulnerability. Therefore, the tailstock should be offset 0. The formula for calculating the tailstock offset when the taper is given in TPF is as follows:. For example, the amount of offset required to machine a bar 42 inches long with a taper of 0.

This manual is provided by JET covering the safe operation and maintenance procedures for a JET Advanced Lathe Tools Llc Version Model JWLEVS and JWLEVS-2 Woodturning Lathe. This manual contains instructions on installation, safety precautions, general operating procedures, maintenance instructions and parts breakdown. YourFile Size: 1MB. Lock the cam on the tool post Bring the lathe Carriage close to the chuck end of lathe and using the cross feed wheel get the tool closer to the part until you can pinch the ruler against the part to be turned. Do not tighten too much as you will damage the ruler. This class is intended for lathe operators and students in a turning operator training program who understand how to set up and run a turning machine. Students should be able to identify common types of turning tools, tool holders, and tool materials. Students should also be able to read and understand blueprints and perform basic shop math.

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